1. Dans les bains publics des anciens, on ne se baignait pas dans des cabinets sépares comme aujourd'hui, mais plutôt comme nous nous baignons au bain froid.
2. τοὺς ἀπορραίνοντας, les gens qui vous jettent de l'eau.
3. τοὺς ἐγκρουομένους, les gens qui vous poussent, vous heurtent.
4. on volait souvent des vêtements.
5. καὶ signifie et aussi, et en outre, comme plus bas, ch. xiii.
6. διότι, synonyme de ὅτι, est employé comme plus haut, page 3, note 5, τὸ διὅτι
7 τὰ γινόμενα, ce qui arrive tous les jours Voyez plus bas, ch. xxvi, τῶν γινομένων ἐστίν et la note 3 de la page 22.
None
ὅταν ἅπτεσθαί τινος ἔργου μέλλῃς, ὑπομίμνῃσκε σεαυτόν, ὁποῖόν ἐστι τὸ ἔργον. ἐὰν λουσόμενος ἀπίῃς, πρόβαλλε σεαυτῷ τὰ γινόμενα ἐν βαλανείῳ, τοὺς ἀπορραίνοντας, τοὺς ἐγκρουομένους, τοὺς λοιδοροῦντας, τοὺς κλέπτοντας. καὶ οὕτως ἀσφαλέστερον ἅψῃ τοῦ ἔργου, ἐὰν ἐπιλέγῃς εὐθὺς ὅτι ‘λούσασθαι θέλω καὶ τὴν ἐμαυτοῦ προαίρεσιν κατὰ φύσιν ἔχουσαν τηρῆσαι.’ καὶ ὡσαύτως ἐφ' ἑκάστου ἔργου. οὕτω γὰρ ἄν τι πρὸς τὸ λούσασθαι γένηται ἐμποδών, πρόχειρον ἔσται διότι ‘ἀλλ' οὐ τοῦτο ἤθελον μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὴν ἐμαυτοῦ προαίρεσιν κατὰ φύσιν ἔχουσαν τηρῆσαι· οὐ τηρήσω δέ, ἐὰν ἀγανακτῶ πρὸς τὰ γινόμενα.’
When you set about any action, remind yourself of what nature the action is. If you are going to bathe, represent to yourself the incidents usual in the bath, - some persons pouring out, others pushing in, others scolding, others pilfering. And thus you will more safely go about this action, if you say to yourself, " I will now go to bathe, and keep my own will [p. 2218] in harmony with nature." And so with regard to every other action. For thus, if any impediment arises in bathing, you will be able to say, "It was not only to bathe that I desired, but to keep my will in harmony with nature; and I shall not keep it thus, if I am out of humor at things that happen."
μέλλῃς: > μέλλω, 2 sg. pres. act. subj. in a conditional + imperative construction
λουσόμενος: > λούω, fut. mid. part. expressing purpose, after verbs meaning to “send,” “go,” “come,” etc. (G. 583.b; S. 2065).
ἀπίῃς: “go off (to)” > ἄπειμι, 2 sg. pres. act. subj. in a conditional + imperative construction. See LSJ ἄπειμι (B), (εἶμι ibo).
τὰ γινόμενα: in Koine Greek and Epictetus, γἰνομαι is the regular form for the classical γίγνομαι.
ἀσφαλέστερον: comparative adv. = “more safely” (G. 234; S. 345).
ἅψῃ: > ἅπτω, 2 sg. fut. mid. ind
ἐπιλέγῃς: > ἐπιλέγω, 2 sg. pres. act. subj. in a future more vivid condition (G. 650; S. 2291.3a).
θέλω καὶ τὴν ἐμαυτοῦ προαίρεσιν κατὰ φύσιν ἔχουσαν τηρῆσαι: (literally) “I also wish to preserve my volition holding in accord with nature.” Volition (prohaeresis) is a key term in Epictetus’ philosophical outlook. Volition is what persons are in terms of their mental faculties, consciousness, character, judgment, goals, and desires. You and I are not our bodies; rather we, our essential selves, are our volitions. The sentence might be paraphrased, “I want to bathe and stay true to myself.” (Smith 2014). Cf. Diss. 2.2-2, 3.4.9 and 3.6.3. κατὰ φύσιν ἔχουσαν: recall that ἔχω + adverb indicates a state of being (ἔχω καλῶς = “I am well”). The prepositional phrase is here equivalent to an adverb. The phrase appears again in ch. 13.1 with φυλάξαι as the verb in place of τηρῆσαι.
θέλω: θέλω is the regular form of ἐθέλω that appears in Epictetus, except when the verb is augmented (see ἤθελον below).
προαίρεσιν: see Introduction, Assent.
ἄν: = ἐάν
τὸ λούσασθαι: art. infin. (G. 574–575; S. 2025) here functioning as the object of the preposition πρός.
πρόχειρον ἔσται: “it will be easy (for you to respond).” Cf. Ch. 1.5.
οὐ μόνον ... ἀλλὰ καί: “not only…but also.”
ἀγανακτῶ: > ἀγανακτέω, 1 sg. pres. act. subj. in a future more vivid condition (G. 650; S. 2291.3a)
ἅπτω, ἅψω, ἥψα, to grasp, obtain, engage in, undertake (+ gen.)
ὑπομιμνήσκω, ὑπομνήσω, ὑπέμνησα, to remind
ὁποῖος, -α, -ον, what sort
λούω, λούσω, ἔλουσα, to wash, to bathe
προβάλλω, -βαλῶ, -έβαλον, to put before oneself = to keep in mind, imagine (+ dat.)
βαλανεῖον, -ου, τό, a bath, establishment for communal bathing
ἀπορραίνω, ἀπορρανῶ, ἀπέρρανα, to splash
ἐνσείω, ἐνσείσω, ἐνέσεισα, to jostle
λοιδορέω, λοιδορήσω, ἐλοιδόρησα, to insult, verbally abuse; reproach, rebuke
κλέπτω, κλέψω, ἔκλεψα, to steal
ἀσφαλής, -ές, safe
ἐπιλέγω, -λέξω, -έλεξα, to say in addition
ἐμαυτοῦ, -ῆς, -οῦ, of me, of myself
προαίρεσις, -εως, ἡ, the volition, will
τηρέω, τηρήσω, ἐτήρησα, to guard, preserve
ὡσαύτως, adv., in the same way
ἐμπόδιος, -ον, in the way, impeding, as substantive = an impediment
πρόχειρος, ον: at hand, readily accessible
διότι, since, because, that
ἀγανακτέω, ἀγανακτήσω: to feel irritation, to be annoyed at + genitive; to be irritated or displeased
cf. III, 10, 1 et III, 15, 1; cf. II, 2, 2; III, 21, 12; III, 4, 9; cf. III, 4, 1(?); IV, 4, 25
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1. Dans les bains publics des anciens, on ne se baignait pas dans des cabinets sépares comme aujourd'hui, mais plutôt comme nous nous baignons au bain froid.
2. τοὺς ἀπορραίνοντας, les gens qui vous jettent de l'eau.
3. τοὺς ἐγκρουομένους, les gens qui vous poussent, vous heurtent.
4. on volait souvent des vêtements.
5. καὶ signifie et aussi, et en outre, comme plus bas, ch. xiii.
6. διότι, synonyme de ὅτι, est employé comme plus haut, page 3, note 5, τὸ διὅτι
7 τὰ γινόμενα, ce qui arrive tous les jours Voyez plus bas, ch. xxvi, τῶν γινομένων ἐστίν et la note 3 de la page 22.
None
ὅταν ἅπτεσθαί τινος ἔργου μέλλῃς, ὑπομίμνῃσκε σεαυτόν, ὁποῖόν ἐστι τὸ ἔργον. ἐὰν λουσόμενος ἀπίῃς, πρόβαλλε σεαυτῷ τὰ γινόμενα ἐν βαλανείῳ, τοὺς ἀπορραίνοντας, τοὺς ἐγκρουομένους, τοὺς λοιδοροῦντας, τοὺς κλέπτοντας. καὶ οὕτως ἀσφαλέστερον ἅψῃ τοῦ ἔργου, ἐὰν ἐπιλέγῃς εὐθὺς ὅτι ‘λούσασθαι θέλω καὶ τὴν ἐμαυτοῦ προαίρεσιν κατὰ φύσιν ἔχουσαν τηρῆσαι.’ καὶ ὡσαύτως ἐφ' ἑκάστου ἔργου. οὕτω γὰρ ἄν τι πρὸς τὸ λούσασθαι γένηται ἐμποδών, πρόχειρον ἔσται διότι ‘ἀλλ' οὐ τοῦτο ἤθελον μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὴν ἐμαυτοῦ προαίρεσιν κατὰ φύσιν ἔχουσαν τηρῆσαι· οὐ τηρήσω δέ, ἐὰν ἀγανακτῶ πρὸς τὰ γινόμενα.’
When you set about any action, remind yourself of what nature the action is. If you are going to bathe, represent to yourself the incidents usual in the bath, - some persons pouring out, others pushing in, others scolding, others pilfering. And thus you will more safely go about this action, if you say to yourself, " I will now go to bathe, and keep my own will [p. 2218] in harmony with nature." And so with regard to every other action. For thus, if any impediment arises in bathing, you will be able to say, "It was not only to bathe that I desired, but to keep my will in harmony with nature; and I shall not keep it thus, if I am out of humor at things that happen."
μέλλῃς: > μέλλω, 2 sg. pres. act. subj. in a conditional + imperative construction
λουσόμενος: > λούω, fut. mid. part. expressing purpose, after verbs meaning to “send,” “go,” “come,” etc. (G. 583.b; S. 2065).
ἀπίῃς: “go off (to)” > ἄπειμι, 2 sg. pres. act. subj. in a conditional + imperative construction. See LSJ ἄπειμι (B), (εἶμι ibo).
τὰ γινόμενα: in Koine Greek and Epictetus, γἰνομαι is the regular form for the classical γίγνομαι.
ἀσφαλέστερον: comparative adv. = “more safely” (G. 234; S. 345).
ἅψῃ: > ἅπτω, 2 sg. fut. mid. ind
ἐπιλέγῃς: > ἐπιλέγω, 2 sg. pres. act. subj. in a future more vivid condition (G. 650; S. 2291.3a).
θέλω καὶ τὴν ἐμαυτοῦ προαίρεσιν κατὰ φύσιν ἔχουσαν τηρῆσαι: (literally) “I also wish to preserve my volition holding in accord with nature.” Volition (prohaeresis) is a key term in Epictetus’ philosophical outlook. Volition is what persons are in terms of their mental faculties, consciousness, character, judgment, goals, and desires. You and I are not our bodies; rather we, our essential selves, are our volitions. The sentence might be paraphrased, “I want to bathe and stay true to myself.” (Smith 2014). Cf. Diss. 2.2-2, 3.4.9 and 3.6.3. κατὰ φύσιν ἔχουσαν: recall that ἔχω + adverb indicates a state of being (ἔχω καλῶς = “I am well”). The prepositional phrase is here equivalent to an adverb. The phrase appears again in ch. 13.1 with φυλάξαι as the verb in place of τηρῆσαι.
θέλω: θέλω is the regular form of ἐθέλω that appears in Epictetus, except when the verb is augmented (see ἤθελον below).
προαίρεσιν: see Introduction, Assent.
ἄν: = ἐάν
τὸ λούσασθαι: art. infin. (G. 574–575; S. 2025) here functioning as the object of the preposition πρός.
πρόχειρον ἔσται: “it will be easy (for you to respond).” Cf. Ch. 1.5.
οὐ μόνον ... ἀλλὰ καί: “not only…but also.”
ἀγανακτῶ: > ἀγανακτέω, 1 sg. pres. act. subj. in a future more vivid condition (G. 650; S. 2291.3a)
ἅπτω, ἅψω, ἥψα, to grasp, obtain, engage in, undertake (+ gen.)
ὑπομιμνήσκω, ὑπομνήσω, ὑπέμνησα, to remind
ὁποῖος, -α, -ον, what sort
λούω, λούσω, ἔλουσα, to wash, to bathe
προβάλλω, -βαλῶ, -έβαλον, to put before oneself = to keep in mind, imagine (+ dat.)
βαλανεῖον, -ου, τό, a bath, establishment for communal bathing
ἀπορραίνω, ἀπορρανῶ, ἀπέρρανα, to splash
ἐνσείω, ἐνσείσω, ἐνέσεισα, to jostle
λοιδορέω, λοιδορήσω, ἐλοιδόρησα, to insult, verbally abuse; reproach, rebuke
κλέπτω, κλέψω, ἔκλεψα, to steal
ἀσφαλής, -ές, safe
ἐπιλέγω, -λέξω, -έλεξα, to say in addition
ἐμαυτοῦ, -ῆς, -οῦ, of me, of myself
προαίρεσις, -εως, ἡ, the volition, will
τηρέω, τηρήσω, ἐτήρησα, to guard, preserve
ὡσαύτως, adv., in the same way
ἐμπόδιος, -ον, in the way, impeding, as substantive = an impediment
πρόχειρος, ον: at hand, readily accessible
διότι, since, because, that
ἀγανακτέω, ἀγανακτήσω: to feel irritation, to be annoyed at + genitive; to be irritated or displeased
cf. III, 10, 1 et III, 15, 1; cf. II, 2, 2; III, 21, 12; III, 4, 9; cf. III, 4, 1(?); IV, 4, 25
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